Sources Used in Current Review
(2020 February 26, Updated). Ova and Parasite Test. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Available online at https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/ova-and-parasite-test/. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
(2018 July23, Updated). Diagnosis of Parasitic Diseases. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/references_resources/diagnosis.html. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
Connor, B. (2019 June 24, Reviewed). Posttravel Evaluation, Persistent Diarrhea in Returned Travelers. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.TravelersHealth Chapter 11. Available online at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
(2019 June 24, Reviewed). Family Travel, International Adoption. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.TravelersHealth Chapter 7. Available online at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/family-travel/international-adoption. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
Couturier, M. et. al. (2020 February, Updated). Diarrhea. ARUP Consult. Available online at https://arupconsult.com/content/diarrhea. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
Guandalini, S. et. al. (2020 January 31, Updated). Diarrhea. Medscape Pediatrics: General Medicine. Available online at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/928598-overview. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
(© 1995-2020). Stool Test: Ova and Parasites (O&P). KidsHealth from Nemours. Available online at https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/test-oandp.html. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
(© 1998-2020). Diarrhea. Mayo Clinic. Available online at https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diarrhea/symptoms-causes/syc-20352241. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
(© 1995-2020). Ova and Parasite, Concentrate and Permanent Smear, Microscopy, Feces. Mayo Clinic Laboratories. Available online at https://www.mayocliniclabs.com/test-catalog/Overview/9216. Accessed on 01/19/2020.
Sources Used in Previous Reviews
Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].
Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.
Hardy, D. (2002 January). Diarrhea Caused by Parasites. Clinical Laboratories Newsletter, Univ of Roch Med Center, Vol. 22, No. 1 [On-line newsletter]. Available online at https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/path/newsletter102.htm.
Diagnostic Procedures for Stool Specimens. DPDx, Laboratory Identification of Parasites of Public Health Concern [On-line information]. Available online through https://www.dpd.cdc.gov.
Kotton, C., Updated (2002 January 08, Updated). Stool Ova And Parasites Exam. MedlinePlus Health Information, Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003756.htm.
A.D.A.M. editorial, Updated (2001 September 14). Giardiasis. MedlinePlus Health Information, Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000288.htm.
Kott, C., Updated (2002 July 19, Updated). Cryptosporidium enteritis. MedlinePlus Health Information, Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000617.htm.
(2001 March). Amebiasis. CDC, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Parasitic Disease Information, Fact Sheet [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/amebiasis/factsht_amebiasis.htm.
(2001 May). Cryptosporidiosis. CDC, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Parasitic Disease Information, Fact Sheet [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/cryptosporidiosis/factsht_cryptosporidiosis.htm.
(2001 May). Giardiasis. CDC, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Parasitic Disease Information, Fact Sheet [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/giardiasis/factsht_giardia.htm.
(2003 February, Updated ). Giardiasis. AAFP, familydoctor.org Fact Sheet [On-line information]. Available online athttps://familydoctor.org/handouts/078.html through https://familydoctor.org.
Giardia Antigen by EIA. ARUP’s Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing (CLT) [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_a247.htm#1149440.
Cryptosporidium Stain and Antigen. ARUP’s Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing (CLT) [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_a174.htm#1060170.
Giardia lamblia. Ohio State University, College of Biological Sciences, Parasites and Parasitological Resources [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~parasite/giardia.html.
Cryptosporidium parvum. Ohio State University, College of Biological Sciences, Parasites and Parasitological Resources [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~parasite/cryptosporidium.html.
Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (© 2007). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 8th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 887-888.
Wu, A. (2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, Fourth Edition. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri. Pp 1590.
(2007 June 25, Reviewed). Risks from Food and Water (Drinking and Recreational). Travelers’ Health: Yellow Book, CDC Health Information for International Travel 2008, Chapter 2, Pre- and Post-travel General Health Recommendations [On-line information]. Accessed on: 12/9/07. Available online at https://wwwn.cdc.gov/travel/yellowBookCh2-FoodWaterRisks.aspx.
(2007 February 27, Reviewed). About Parasites. CDC Parasitic Diseases [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/aboutparasites.htm. Accessed on 12/24/07.
Forbes BA, Sahm DF, Weissfeld AS. Bailey & Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology. 12th Edition: Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis, MO; 2007.
Vorvick, L. (Updated 2010 May 4). Stool ova and parasites exam. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003756.htm. Accessed February 2011.
(Modified 2010 June 2). Parasites and Foodborne Illness. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service Fact Sheets [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.fsis.usda.gov/factsheets/Parasites_and_Foodborne_Illness/index.asp. Accessed February 2011.
Pennardt, A. (Updated April 28). Giardiasis in Emergency Medicine. eMedicine [On-line information]. Available online at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/782818-overview. Accessed February 2011.
(Modified 2009 July 20). Detection of Parasite Antigens. DPDx Diagnostic Procedures Stool Specimens, [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/DiagnosticProcedures.htm. Accessed February 2011.
Fisher, M. et. al. (Updated 2010 November). Diarrhea, Parasitic Evaluation. ARUP Consult [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.arupconsult.com/Topics/ParasiticDiarrhea.html?client_ID=LTD. Accessed February 2011.
Mayo Clinic Staff (2010 May 29). Giardia infection (giardiasis). Mayo Clinic [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.mayoclinic.com/health/giardia-infection/DS00739. Accessed May 2011.
(© 2005-2010). Viruses, Bacteria and Parasites in the Digestive Tract. Children’s Hospital Boston [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site1959/mainpageS1959P0.html. Accessed May 2011.
Mukherjee S. (Updated November 18, 2009). Giardiasis. eMedicine [On-line information]. Available online at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-overview. Accessed May 2011.
Kucik C, et al (March 1 2004). Common Intestinal Parasites. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Mar 1;69(5):1161-1169. Available online at https://www.aafp.org/afp/2004/0301/p1161.html.Accessed May 2011.
Pagana, K. D. & Pagana, T. J. (© 2011). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 10th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 911-912.
Forbes, B. et. al. (© 2007). Bailey & Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology, 12th Edition: Mosby Elsevier Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp 543-627.
Chamberland, R. (2014 March 5 Updated). Stool Ova and Parasite Test. Medscape Drugs & Diseases [On-line information]. Available online at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2117799-overview. Accessed on January 2016.
Lehrer, J. (2014 May 15, Updated). Stool ova and parasites exam. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003756.htm. Accessed on January 2016.
Barr, W. and Smith, A. (2014 February 1) Acute Diarrhea in Adults. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Feb 1;89(3):180-189. [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0201/p180.html. Accessed on January 2016.
Pearson, R. (2013 November). Approach to Parasitic Infections. Merck Manual Professional Version [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/approach-to-parasitic-infections/approach-to-parasitic-infections. Accessed on January 2016.
(2014 March 10). Diagnosis of Parasitic Diseases. CDC [On-line information]. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/references_resources/diagnosis.html. Accessed on January 2016.
Dowshen, S. (2014 September Reviewed). Stool Test: Ova and Parasites. KidsHealth from Nemours [On-line information]. Available online at https://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/test_oandp.html. Accessed on January 2016.